A hundred dollars once went a long way in Lebanon. Just a few years ago, it was enough to feed a family for a week. Today, it barely lasts a single day.
Runaway inflation and surging prices for basic goods and services have eroded the purchasing power of Lebanese households, deepening the country’s living crisis and reigniting fears about the country’s economic stability — and about how long families can continue to endure.
Amira Al-Aris, a bank employee, says she spends her entire monthly income on groceries and essentials, even after cutting expenses to the bare essentials.
“Although Lebanon might look stable from the outside, the value of money is shrinking by the day,” she told Al-Modon. “That’s why I’ve had to cut back on nearly everything.”
With a monthly salary of $1,100, Al-Aris says her income is no longer enough.
“In 2022, I would spend about $150 a month on groceries like oil, grains, and canned foods,” she said. “Now, that same amount barely lasts one or two days, and I’m not even buying all the basics.”
Several factors have driven this sharp shift in purchasing power. Over the past three years, the exchange rate of the Lebanese pound has fluctuated dramatically, directly impacting household budgets. While the current stability of the dollar exchange rate gives the illusion of price control, economists say this stability is artificial and not backed by any real economic growth or policy reform.
In other words, while the dollar exchange rate has remained fixed since late 2023 — at around 89,500 Lebanese pounds to the dollar — prices continue to climb. According to official data from Lebanon’s Central Administration of Statistics, cumulative inflation since the end of 2018 has reached roughly 6,900%, meaning prices in local currency have risen about 70-fold.
Even with much of the economy now “dollarized,” the cost of living in dollars has surged. Prices have increased by roughly 52% since the exchange rate stabilized, hitting sectors from food and housing to education and healthcare.
The squeeze is not limited to the poor. Even families with steady dollar incomes are struggling to keep up.
“We used to save part of my husband’s salary every month,” Amal Mhanna, a private-sector employee, told Al-Modon. “Now, we can barely cover our expenses.”
With a combined household income of $2,300, Mhanna and her husband once lived comfortably while saving up to $700 a month.
“Today, we live on his $1,500 salary,” she said. “We spend about $800 on tuition for one of our children abroad. Prices for food, electricity, and services have more than doubled in two years.”
By the final week of each month, she said, they switch to “survival mode,” cutting non-essential purchases.
“Even though we’re earning in dollars, it feels like our money is disappearing faster than ever.”
Economists call it the “money illusion”: when people continue to think of money in nominal terms even as its real value erodes.
“The number on the paycheck may look the same, but what $1,000 buys today is very different from what it could buy in 2022," said one economic analyst.
Two years ago, a monthly generator bill rarely exceeded $40 and was often paid in Lebanese pounds. Today, it starts at $100 and must be paid in dollars. Internet subscriptions, utilities, and household costs have all risen in parallel.
As a result, even those earning in hard currency find themselves trapped in a new cycle of financial uncertainty.